Summary :
- Despite the fact that genome editing or gene editing was discovered in 2012, it took nearly a decade for Indian regulators to recognise its potential for producing crops that are resistant to biotic and abiotic stresses and have greater nutritional value.
- SDN1 and SDN2 genome edited plants are exempt from Rules 7-11 of the Environment Protection Act (EPA) for manufacture, use, import, export, and storage of hazardous microorganisms or genetically engineered organisms or cells, according to an order issued today by the ministry of environment and forest.
For the first time, the central government has issued a broad decision exempting certain types of genome-edited crops from the harsh rules that apply to genetically modified or GM crops, allowing for additional research and development.
SDN1 and SDN2 genome-edited plants were exempted from Rules 7-11 of the Environmental Protection Act (EPA), which control the manufacture, use, import, export, and storage of harmful microbes or genetically modified organisms or cells.
“The announcement would open the path for the government to approve and notify genome-edited plant rules, which have been pending since early 2020,” said Bhagirath Choudhary, the South Asia Biotechnology Centre’s Founder Director (SABC).
Gene Editing
Many countries have recently created or approved for commercial production vegetables, fruits, oilseeds, and cereals developed through genome editing, such as GABA tomato, high oleic canola and soybean, non-browning mushroom, and so on.
Despite the fact that genome editing or gene editing was discovered in 2012, it took nearly a decade for Indian regulators to recognise its potential for producing crops that are resistant to biotic and abiotic stresses and have greater nutritional value.
“The recent notification exempting some types of genome-edited plants from onerous criteria will encourage breeders and researchers to use genome editing to benefit the farming community,” Choudhury of SBAC said.
Genome editing (also known as gene editing) is a set of technologies that allows scientists to change the DNA of an organism.
These technologies enable the addition, removal, or change of genetic material at particular locations throughout the genome. Several methods of genome editing have been developed.
Plant genome editing is currently largely done by combining the two techniques: Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of DNA encoding the Streptococcus pyogenes Cas9 (SpCas9) protein and an engineered guide RNA into plant cells, followed by tissue culture to regenerate an edited plant.
Gene editing can be used to achieve the same goals as traditional crossbreeding in agricultural applications. Gene editing involves making modest, subtle, and precise changes to a gene or collection of genes in the DNA of plants, animals, and humans.
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